Demand And Supply Of Labor - 1040 Words

The demand and supply of labor is determined by the labor market. There are two players in the labor market: the workers and the firms. All workers will supply their labor to firms in exchange for wages paid by the firms to produce manufactured Items. The need for laborers is comprised of the firms need to produce any given number of products to supply the consumers demand. Because of this, the labor market directly affects supply, demand, and the price of manufactured items. Of the three resources of production (land, labor,capital), the labor segment is the most important. Specifically, labor Unions and how they affect the labor market, how skills and education effect the labor market, and the fluctuating employment rates. First,†¦show more content†¦Industrial capitalism was leading the way and did not share the same ideology and vision of the labor movement. According to the heritage.org, labor unions today harm the economy because they function as labor cartels. Labo r cartels restrict the number of workers allotted in a company or industry resulting in an increase in wages for the union workers. Just as the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) attempts to cut the supply of oil to raise its price, companies pass on those higher wages that have to be paid to the union members to consumers through higher prices, and often earn lower profits, as reported by James Sherk, What Unions Do: How Labor Unions Affect Jobs and the Economy. Companies today have less power to increase prices on consumers without going out of business. Labor unions are also effective at taxing company investments through the negotiation of higher wages for their members causing a decrease in profits. Companies that are unionized, counter the negotiations through reduced investments, thus making the companies less competitive in the market. The graph below provided by heritage.org, displays union vs. non-union manufacturing employment trends. Because of this, j ob opportunities are reduced and the economy suffers. (1) Research has shown that unions make for a slower economic recovery. Over the long run, business investment is reduced due to labor cartels

Notes On Children And Violence - 2945 Words

Jalen Brown Sociology of Childhood (494) 11.22.14 Children and Violence Children often experience certain situations at a young age that potentially scar them throughout their lives. It is said that a handful of children are victims of assault, and most have witnessed violent acts. When children witness these deviant acts, this creates a dramatic scene that continuously replays in their minds, and it also creates strategies of how children may adjust to their futures. An example of this, let’s take a child who was exposed to some sort of violence, and let’s take a child who wasn’t exposed. The child who was exposed to violence is much more likely to be neglected, and that could lead to abusive relationships when they reach adulthood.†¦show more content†¦How old are these children? Where do they live? Most importantly, what can we do to help them?† (Marchionna 1). I expect to discuss key themes focusing on the effects of these deviant acts experienced by children. I also expect to compare th e children who have been exposed to violence versus the children who haven’t. When thinking about this subject, we have to take in consideration that there is a difference between a child who was a victim of savagery, and a child who was exposed to it. We also can’t forget that the same effects may occur nonetheless if the child were a victim or not. How many children are affected by the violence that goes on in their homes? There is a wide variety of children who suffer from violence in the home behind closed doors. I read that 40 percent are stated to be victims within the home. This type of deviant behavior can exist as early as the infant years in a child’s life. â€Å"Young children who live with domestic violence represent a significantly disempowered group. Developmentally, young children have relatively limited verbal skills and emotional literacy† (Thornton 1). In addition, the effects of this type of violence (domestic) can lead to secr ecy. â€Å"The effects of secrecy can lead to intimidation causing children never to believe they have the emotional support from their caregivers† (Thornton 1). The factors of secrecy, intimidation, and very little emotional support create a restriction that decreases a child’s

Is violence justified in politics free essay sample

Politics can be defined as acquiring the position of government which includes controlling the human community, making laws and developing the country. Politics has been criticized as dirty game by many professionals but a country would not be able to run without politics. If a person has chosen to become a politician, yes, people will criticize him/her, people will praise him/her but it is his/her responsibility to maintain the laws, and operate the country in any situation. There has been protest regarding politics in the past and thus nonviolence can be justified in politics to some extent. If there is violence of human rights by the present government then protest with violence could be reasonable. If the political system of the country destroys their rights instead of protecting then there would be violence in the country. This has been proved by the Arab spring. In order to get democratic political system which could protect their human right there were mass protests against the present autocratic political system. We will write a custom essay sample on Is violence justified in politics? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Only because of these mass protests Egypt (one of the affected country where the human rights were violated by the present government) got end to dictatorship and gave birth to democratic system. With the introduction of democracy the light of hope was lit in the Egyptians. Therefore violence can be expected in the political system where the present government violates the rights of their own people. Similarly, if there is massive corruption in the country and citizens are not getting their benefits and on top of that the present political government is corrupt the protest in those countries is expected. People will go and complain the government about their corrupt personnel but if the government is already corrupt then who will the people complain to? So, if the present political leaders who run the country are corrupt then protest with violence is sure in that country. We can take example of Tunisia where the street vendor immolated himself because of the corrupt political leaders. Because of the self-immolation of the street vendor there were massive violence and protest against the corrupt political leaders and dictators in the Arab nations. It can be concluded that if the political system is corrupt or it can also be interpreted as if the law makers are not maintaining the law, is misusing the nation’s wealth and is not protecting the human community, and then protests with violence in that country could be explained. Even though there has been violence and protests in Arab nations because of lack of accountability from their political leaders it could have been solved by peace protests. In India, the anti-corruption bill was passed in the parliament because of the peace protest done by Anna Hazaare. Anna Hazaare did protest against the political leaders of India but his protests were based on non-violence. This example proves that the political system can be objected with nonviolence activities. To sum all, in the past there has been violent political revolutions like the French revolution and in the present the popular political revolution the Arab spring. It is difficult to conduct nonviolent revolutions and nonviolent protests are difficult to be recognized by the government. If there would have been no media then the government could just ignore these peace protests. However, violent and nonviolent protests depend upon the present political situation and external factors. If the issue is really violating the rights and the political leaders are not liberal (dictatorial regime) then violent situation would take place in the country but if the political leaders are liberal (democratic) the nonviolence would be the best. Is violence justified in politics? Politics can be defined as acquiring the position of government which includes controlling the human community, making laws and developing the country. Politics has been criticized as dirty game by many professionals but a country would not be able to run without politics. If a person has chosen to become a politician, yes, people will criticize him/her, people will praise him/her but it is his/her responsibility to maintain the laws, and operate the country in any situation. There has been protest regarding politics in the past and thus nonviolence can be justified in politics to some extent. If there is violence of human rights by the present government then protest with violence could be reasonable. If the political system of the country destroys their rights instead of protecting then there would be violence in the country. This has been proved by the Arab spring. In order to get democratic political system which could protect their human right there were mass protests against the present autocratic political system. Only because of these mass protests Egypt (one of the affected country where the human rights were violated by the present government) got end to dictatorship and gave birth to democratic system. With the introduction of democracy the light of hope was lit in the Egyptians. Therefore violence can be expected in the political system where the present government violates the rights of their own people. Similarly, if there is massive corruption in the country and citizens are not getting their benefits and on top of that the present political government is corrupt the protest in those countries is expected. People will go and complain the government about their corrupt personnel but if the government is already corrupt then who will the people complain to? So, if the present political leaders who run the country are corrupt then protest with violence is sure in that country. We can take example of Tunisia where the street vendor immolated himself because of the corrupt political leaders. Because of the self-immolation of the street vendor there were massive violence and protest against the corrupt political leaders and dictators in the Arab nations. It can be concluded that if the political system is corrupt or it can also be interpreted as if the law makers are not maintaining the law, is misusing the nation’s wealth and is not protecting the human community, and then protests with violence in that country could be explained. Even though there has been violence and protests in Arab nations because of lack of accountability from their political leaders it could have been solved by peace protests. In India, the anti-corruption bill was passed in the parliament because of the peace protest done by Anna Hazaare. Anna Hazaare did protest against the political leaders of India but his protests were based on non-violence. This example proves that the political system can be objected with nonviolence activities. To sum all, in the past there has been violent political revolutions like the French revolution and in the present the popular political revolution the Arab spring. It is difficult to conduct nonviolent revolutions and nonviolent protests are difficult to be recognized by the government. If there would have been no media then the government could just ignore these peace protests. However, violent and nonviolent protests depend upon the present political situation and external factors. If the issue is really violating the rights and the political leaders are not liberal (dictatorial regime) then violent situation would take place in the country but if the political leaders are liberal (democratic) the nonviolence would be the best.

The Essential Qualities and Knowledge for Effective Counseling

A counselor is a professional who is trained to help people tackle their emotional, social, and physical problems. When someone decides to consult a counselor it is because he/she feels that the counselor is the only person who can offer effective assistant. In counseling there are various qualities that must be possessed by a counselor.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Essential Qualities and Knowledge for Effective Counseling specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Besides, the counselor should employ different techniques because a technique that worked for one client may not work in another client. This paper will shade some light into the above stated aspects of counseling. The main objective of a counselor is to help his/her clients solve their problems. Being a counselor is a calling hence if someone think its all about making money, it is better for him/her to find another career where making money is the main objective. When a counselor is guiding someone he/she should know that by misleading the client he/she is not only answerable to that particular client but also to the creator of heavens and earth (Burnard, 2005). A counselor should never jump into conclusions hence he/she should pay attention to what the client is saying because by being jumpy he/she might miss crucial information that could have made it easier to understand the client’s problems. This implies that a counselor should not feel like he/she knows it all because no matter how similar the situations might sound there is always a difference. In fact by listening more the counselor will learn more about the personality of the client rather than when he/she is doing most of the talking (Gladding, 2008). A counselor needs to exercise a lot of patience and acceptance because rushing things can ruin the counseling process. Tolan (2003) states that in counseling profession the clients are from all walks of lif e ranging from drug addicts to criminals and thus the counselor must accept them just the way they are because they come for his/her services. This is due to the fact that they are in need of help and if they are turned away they may not see the need of being reformed. Gladding (2008) suggests that patience in mental counseling is important because it helps a counselor to manage anger when irritated by a client’s behavior or slow progress. A counselor should know that some procedures may take longer than usual to be completed and hence problems cannot be solved in a single day since they also took days to be established.Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More All the experiences encountered in counseling should be reflected in a counselor’s job. This includes understanding of people’s cultures and beliefs because these are some of the elements that foster or hi nder counseling. A good counselor should learn to appreciate client’s diversity and if possible learn the client’s native language because at times he/she may have clients who do not understand national languages. Additionally, education is important in counseling but then the certificates do not mark the end of learning for a counselor because the field offers more learning opportunities to an open mind than what is taught in the classroom. This is because there are new challenges in counseling such as cultural differences, and when they are tackled they are the lessons that could not be learnt back in college (Burnard, 2005). In fact in most professions students learn more when working than in college. In this light, a counselor should be an outspoken person who is open to friendship. Being friendly and kind to the clients will make them open up because it is easier to trust someone who is outspoken than someone who puts on a stone face all the time. This implies tha t a counselor should not show any impressions of anger even when he/she is not happy. This is encouraged because it promotes the confidence of the clients in the counselor. However, there are clients who may be anti-social. The counselor should try to fit into their shoes by appreciating them for who they are. A counselor must have respect for his/her clients at all times regardless of whether the client is to blame for his/her problem. Respect entails not disclosing the information provided by clients with other people. If a client learns that the information he/she gave to a counselor has been shared with other people he/she may feel humiliated and may never seek help from such a counselor. For counseling to be effective, there are various techniques which must be employed by a counselor. The first technique is being a good listener. Nelson-Jones (2009) argues that listening helps a counselor to gather information being conveyed by the client. Interruptions such as phone calls sho uld be avoided during this time because the counselor is expected to pay full attention to the client. If a counselor interrupts his/her conversations with the client it might look like lack of concern and it may close the client not to reveal all the necessary information. During the conversations the counselor should look at the client in the eyes because this will build a sense of trust in the client. The counselor should consider taking some notes during the conversation because he/she will refer to the notes in later stages. Asking the client questions that were answered at the initial stages may indicate that the counselor is not serious with his/her job.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Essential Qualities and Knowledge for Effective Counseling specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The counselor should be careful about his/her body language hence should sit in an upright posture and should use his/ her body language such as nodding of the head to make the client speak more. The counselor should never speak when the client is talking but should instead wait for his/her turn to speak (Tolan, 2003). Asking questions is also an efficient technique in counseling because it allows the counselor to extract information from the client. Questions are categorized into two, namely the ones that require short answers and the ones that require long answers. Short questions are aimed at getting particular information while long questions are aimed at making the client provide more information. When asking questions the counselor should use polite language and tone because being rude may imply that he/she is already judging the client. Some of the information conveyed by the client need to be reconstructed using polite words because some are expressed with lots of anger and the counselor should not utter the same words that sound rude. Reconstructing the points put across by the client impli es that the counselor has nothing against the client. This reconstructing includes the use of a softer tone if the client used a higher tone because this will make sure that the counselor’s sympathy for the client is clearly expressed. Burnard (2005) explains that it is important to have a summary of every visit which should be read to the client after the counselor has finished obtaining information from the client. The summary should contain all the major issues that are arranged according to their relevance. Those that matter the most should be given the first priority. Having a summary helps the counselor to understand which issues should be dealt with first as opposed to when the counselor is tackling problems at random. The counselor can also give clients an assignment to do on their own once at home because this will make them learn more about their problem. Moreover, the assignment makes them realize what they can do and what they cannot do. This is crucial because it helps the counselor to understand the strengths and weaknesses of the client. Likewise, effective counseling requires the knowledge of applying various counseling theories. In counseling there are various theories that explain the essential approaches applied, but this paper will only highlight two of them. These include Solution Focused Therapy and Client Centered (Rogerian) counseling. In solution based therapy the counselor focuses on what the client wishes to acquire in the therapy. In this therapy the main concern is shifted from what really bothered the client in the first place. The things that were said or done in the past do not matter in this therapy because the main objective of this therapy is to correct the present and face the future. When this therapy is being implemented solving the current problem is vital than what might have caused it because it assumes that the past is already gone hence it is important to focus on what is left (Nelson-Jones, 2009).Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In client centered (Rogerian) counseling the client is in full control of what he/she wants to have and become. This theory states that the client has all the potential to do anything as long as he/she is made to believe that he/she can. According to Tolan (2003) this therapy is aimed at building self esteem of the client because that is what makes someone believe in him/herself. In this therapy the counselor assists the client by allowing him/her to express him/herself and by tolerating the views of the client. The counselor does not jump into any conclusions because this might look like stumbling blocks to the client. Furthermore, the counselor shows empathy to the client by asking questions in a very friendly manner and tone. The major role of the counselor here is to provide favorable conditions for the client to realize what he/she wants to do. In conclusion, a good counselor must apply the above mentioned techniques where necessary and should the situation persist the counselo r should consider customizing the techniques to be compatible with the needs of the client. Counseling skills include effective listening, patience, asking questions, and experience in therapy. The skills of a counselor are very important because they help him/her to deliver the best results at the end of counseling. Academic certificates are crucial but they can be useless if they do not reflect the competence of a counselor in real life situations. The counselor should use the appropriate therapy for each individual client because what works in one client may fail in another client. Hence, understanding the theories of counseling might help in coming up with feasible solutions that are deemed to solve difficult problems. References Burnard, P. (2005). Counseling Skills for Health Professionals. Delta Place: Nelson Thornes. Gladding, S.T. (2008). Counseling: A Comprehensive Profession. (6th Ed.). New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Nelson-Jones, R. (2009). Introduction to Counseling Skills: Text and Activities. New Delhi: Sage Publications. Tolan, J. (2003).Skills in Person-Centered Counseling Psychotherapy. New Delhi: Sage Publications. 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